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Internet Medieval Sourcebook
Selected Sources: Sex and Gender
Contents
- Women's Roles
- General
- Women in Religion
- Women as Writers
- Women in Politics
- Noblewomen
- "Middle" Class Women
- Towns Women
- Peasant Women
- Jewish Women
- Women at Home
- Women at Work Outside the Home
- Women in Business Activities
- Woman and Misogyny
- Men's Roles
- Constructions of Sexuality and
Gender
- General
- Legal Control of Sexualuty
- Theological Norms
- Homoerotic/Transgendered Subcultures
- Marriage
- General
- Theology
- Law and Marriage
- Married Lives
Women's Roles
- General
- Claudia Rapp and Johannes Prieser-Kapeller, eds.. Mobility and Migration in Byzantium; A Sourcebook [At Vr-elibrary.de] PDF [Internet Archive version here]
Five hundred pages of translations into English on sources about migration in Byzantium. Includes both internal migration, and sections on Jews, Slavs, Armenians, Varangians (Norse), Catalans, Turks, and in relation to the Crusades. Gender-related migration is also covered.
- Women in Religion
-
WEB Monastic Matrix [At St Andrews]
A collection of resources for the study of
women's religious communities, 500-1500.
This includes a database of 1146 women's communities and a Documents page,
with documents from women's communities at Laycock (13th century), San Sisto (13th
century), Santa Francesca Romana (15th century).
- Socrates Scholasticus: The Murder of Hypatia.
A leading female philosopher, Hypatia was murdered by a Christian mob in Alexandria, urged
on by St. Cyril.
- Gregory of Nyssa (c.335-d.c.395): Life of Macrina,
trans. W.K. Lowther Clarke. Full text.
One of the most important lives of a female saint. This is an account of Gregory's
strongminded sister, Macrina (c.327-379).
- Life of Matrona of Perge, d.c. 510-515, trans Khalifa
Ben Nasser, [full text of Metaphrastic Life: selections from Vita Prima].
An example of a "transvestite" saint who was also a historical figure.
- Holy Women of Byzantium: Ten Saints' Lives
in English Translation To access chapter files individually see here [Was At Dumbarton Oaks, now Internet Archive]
Complete texts of translations of female saints lives.
The texts are all in PDF form.
-
Front Matter, General Introduction,
Acknowledgments, List of Abbreviations
- A. Nuns Disguised as Monks
-
1. Life of St. Mary/Marinos / translated
by Nicholas Constas
-
2. Life of St. Matrona of Perge / Jeffrey
Featherstone and Cyril Mango /
- B. Female Solitaries
-
3. Life of St. Mary of Egypt / Maria
Kouli
-
4. Life of St. Theoktiste of Lesbos /
Angela C. Hero /
- C. Cenobitic Nuns
-
5. Life of St. Elisabeth the Wonderworker / Valerie Karras
-
6. Life of St. Athanasia of Aegina / Lee
Francis Sherry
-
7. Life of St. Theodora of Thessalonike /
Alice-Mary Talbot
- D. Pious Housewives
-
8. Life of St. Mary the Younger /
Angeliki E. Laiou
-
9. Life of St. Thomaïs of Lesbos / Paul
Halsall
-
E. A Saintly Empress
- 10. Life of St. Theodora of Arta /
Alice-Mary Talbot
- The Life of Liutberga, 9th Century, trans, Jo Ann
McNamara. Full text.
- Jacobus de Voragine, The Golden Legend (Aurea
Legenda) 1275, As englished by William Caxton, 1483
The full text of the 7 volume Temple Classics edition, available in large volume files,
and individual feast/saint files, inlcuding a number of women saints.
- Life of Irene, Abbess of the Convent of
Chrysobalanton, trans. Jan Olof Rosenqvist.
- Life of Mary the Younger, d.c. 903, trans Paul
Halsall, [First five chapters, and concluding prayer].
- Byzantine Monastic Foundation Documents [Was At Dumbarton Oaks, now Internet Archive]
A Complete Translation of the Surviving Founder's Typika and Testaments. Edited by John
Thomas and Angela Constantinides Hero with the assistance of Giles Constable. To access chapter files individually see here
- Ancrene Wisse, In Middle
English, with some Latin. [At Google Books]
A collection of rules and advice for English nuns.
-
Rule of the Lady Hospitallers of the Royal Monastery of Sigena, 1188, in Latin, [At Internet Archive, from Kansas]
The Royal Monastery of Sigena was an institution of Lady Hospitallers and enjoyed a great
deal of independence and influence. It would appear that its Rule was the work of Sancha,
Queen of Aragon.
- Women as Writers
- WEB Bibliography of Works by and About
Women Writers of the Middle Ages (Robbins Library)
- WEB Epistolæ: Medieval Women's Letters [At Columbia] [Internet Archive backup here]
Epistolæ is a collection of medieval Latin letters to and from women. The letters collected here date from the 4th to the 13th centuries, and they are presented in their original Latin as well as in English translation.
- Egeria. Description of the
Liturgical Year in Jerusalem: Translation [At Oxford]
- Egeria (4th Century): Journal
of the Jerusalem Liturgical Year [Latin and English][At Oxford]
- Egeria: Description of the Liturgical Year in Jerusalem: Translation 4th Century [At Oxford]
- Egeria: Travelogue, Translated by M.L. McClure, The Pilgrimage of Etheria, (New York, 1915) [At Internet Archive, was at Yale]
- Egeria: The Pilgrimage of Etheria, ed. and trans M.L. McClure and C. L. Feltoe, London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1919. [At CCEL]
- Saint Brigid of Ireland (ascribed): The Heavenly Banquet [Was At Eircom, now Internet Archive]
-
Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim (c.930/40-c-2): St. John.
[At Internet Archive, from Millersville]
See also
Catholic Enclopedia:
Hroswitha
- Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim (c.930/40-c.1002): The Plays
of Roswitha
- Hrotsvitha, ca. 935-ca. 975: The plays of Roswitha translated by Christopher St.
John, with an inroduction by Cardinal Gasquet and a critical preface by the
translator.(London, Chatto & Windus, 1923) [repr. 1966] [Internet Archive]
Including Full texts of Gallicanus and Dulcitius
- Huneberc of Heidenheim: The Hodoeporican of St. Willibald,
8th Century
- Huneberc of Heidenheim. Prologue
to the Hodoeporicon of St. Willibald. c. 750-75CE. Alternate trans. by Thomas Head
- Anna Comnena (1083-after 1048): The Alexiad.
[Full text]
The account of her father, the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I, by Princess Anna
Comnena is perhaps the most important historical work by a woman writer written before the
modern period.
-
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179): Lyrics, Latin and English.
[Was At irupert, now Internet Archive].
- Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179): Visions from Scivias, English.
[At Columbia] [Internet Archive version here]
- WEB See also the Hildegard of
Bingen page [At Internet Archive, from Millersville]; and the
Catholic Encyclopedia article.
- Heloise: Letter to Abelard, trans. C.K. Scott
Moncrief. The text is also available in Latin. [At
Georgetown]
- St. Clare of Assisi (1194-1253): Letters to St. Agnes of Prague [At MIT] [Internet Archive version here]
- Hadewijch of Antwerp, d.c. 1260. [Wikiquote]
The page contains links to five of her letters and four of her poems.
- Blessed Cecilia Cesarine, O.S.B. The Legend of St. Dominic [Was at OP, now Internet Archive]
-
Marguerite Porète: The Mirror of Simple Souls, (written 1296/1306) PDF [At
Internet Archive]
Porète's book, a mystic account of the ascent of the soul, was condemned in 1306, and was
burned in her presence!
- Marguerite Porète: The Mirror of Simple Souls, (written 1296/1306), Chaps 119-122. PDF [At Colorado] [Internet Archive version here]
- Marguerite Porète: The Mirror of Simple Souls, (written 1296/1306), Chaps 1-14. [At Kenyon] [Internet Archive version here]
- Catherine of Siena (1347-1380): Dialogue of the Seraphic Virgin,
1370, full text now available [At CCEL].
- Angela, of Foligno, 1248?-1309. The book of divine consolation of the Blessed Angela of Foligno, Translated from the Italian by Mary G. Steegmann. Introd. by Algar
Thorold.(London, Chatto and Windus; New York, Duffield & co., 1909)
- WEB Christine de Pizan Digital Scriptorium [Johns Hopkins]
- Christine de,Pizan (c.1363-c.1431): The book of the Duke of true lovers: now
first translated from the Middle French of Christine de Pisan ; with an introduction by
Alice Kemp-Welch ; the ballads rendered into the original metres by... (London : Chatto
and Windus, 1908) [Project Gutenberg]
- Christine de Pizan:
Treasure of the City of Ladies (1405), full text in French [Project Gutenberg]
- Christine de Pizan:
Treasure of the City of Ladies (1405), full text in English [Internet Archive borrow facility]
-
WEB Julian of Norwich Page. [At
Luminarium]
- Julian of Norwich: Shewings [Full
Text]
See also
Catholic Encycloped-Juliana of
Norwich
- The Book of Margery Kempe [At TEAMS]
- Margery Kempe: The Book of Margery
Kempe: The Birth of Her First Child and Her First Vision. [At luminarium.org]
WEB see the Luminarium: Margery Kempe Page [with a picture of Margery]
- Margery Kempe: The Book of Margery
Kempe: Her Pride and Attempts to Start a Business. [At luminarium.org]
- Margery Kempe: The Book of Margery
Kempe: Margery and Her Husband Reach a Settlement. [At luminarium.org]
- Margery Kempe: The Book of Margery
Kempe: Pilgrimmage to Jerusalem. [At luminarium.org]
- Margery Kempe: Treatise of
Contemplation, from her Book as reprinted in The Cell of Self-Knowledge.
[At CCEL]
For many centuries this was the only well-known part of Margery's writing.
- Margery Kempe (1413-1415): Book
of Margery Kempe. (Text--Butler-Bowden translation of Chapter 26-34, 37-41) [At Internet Archive was at Traveling to Jerusalem/U Sth Colorado]
-
Marie de France: Lays. [Project Gutenberg]
- Laura Certa: Letter
to Bibulus Sempronius 13 January 1488 [At Internet Archive, from CCNY]
- Women in Politics
- Regino of Prüm: Canon 19 on Women in Law Courts (early 10th century), trans Charles West. [At Turbulent Priests] [Internet Archive version here]
- Peter of Blois: Letter 154, to Queen Eleanor, 1173,
trans. M. Markowski
- Johann Nider: On Joan of Arc, (d. 1438).
- Joan of Arc: Letter to
the King of England, 1429.
- The Trial of Joan of Arc, 1431
- Nicolas, Nicholas Harris: The Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York: The Wardrobe Accounts of Edward IV [Internet Archive/R3]
Nicolas's introductory memoirs of Yorkist royalty, with commentary on the
Ricardian controversies of the time; the privy purse expenses of Elizabeth of York. To
come: the Wardrobe Accounts. A lengthy series of documents, consisting of 24 interlinked
files.
- Noblewomen
- "Middle" Class Women
- Towns Women
- Peasant Women
- Jewish Women
- Women at Home
- Women at Work Outside the Home
- Trial of Jacqueline Felice: A Woman Doctor, 1322, copyrighted
- Women in Business Activities
- Women and Misogyny
Men's Roles
- Charters relating to Judicial Duels, 11th - 12th Century, trans. Richard Barton
- Duel between Engelardus and the monks of Saint-Serge of Angers, c.1100
- Abbots Daibert and Otbrannus prevent a battle between their monks, 27 and 28
April, 1064
- Trouble between St Martin of Tours and Holy Cross of Talmont leads to a judicial
battle, 1098
- Abbot Robert of Mont-Saint-Michel seeks the right to determine where duels are
held.
- Statuta Armorum (The Statutes of Arms),
c. 1260
An attempt to forbid jousting, etc.
- To Cry a Joust: Abillement for the Joust 15th Century [Was At Chronique, now Internet Archive]
See Knighthood, Chivalry & Tournaments Resource Library [Was At Chronique, now Internet Archive]
- Challenge of John Astley, Squire, to Philip Boyle, Knight of Aragon On the occasion of his
knighting, 1442 [Was At Chronique, now Internet Archive]
- A Joust: Pierre de Masse's Challenge [Was At Chronique, now Internet Archive]
Constructions of Sexuality and
Gender
- General
- Legal Control of Sexuality
- Justinian I:
Novel 77, [538 CE] and Novel
141, [544 C]. [At PWH]
Includes texts of earlier Roman legislation on homosexuality.
- Theodore of Studium (d.826): Reform Rules,
contains interesting references to adelphopoiia and dangers of monastic
friendships.
- Regino of Prüm (early 10th century): Ordo for a Bishop's Visitation of his Diocese (Reginonis Prumiensis Libri Duo de Synodalibus Causis et Disicplinis Ecclesiasticis). [At After Empire] [Internet Archive version here]
There's a high level of interest in sins related to sex, marriage, divorce and homosexuality.
- Theological Norms
- Homoerotic/Transgendered Subcultures
Marriage
- General
- Theology
- Law and Marriage
- Corpus Iuris Civilis: The Digest and Codex on
Marriage. See also
Catholic
Encyclopedia: History of Marriage
- Codex Justinianus: Protection of Freewomen Married
to Servile Husbands, c. 530 [Vll.24.i.]
- Codex Justinianus: Children of the Unfree, c.
530 [Xl.48.xxi.]
- Codex Justinianus: Children of Mixed Marriages,
c. 530 [Xl.48.xxiv.]
- The Contract of Marriage, in the Ecloga of Leo
III, (726).
- A Husband's Endowment Of His Future Wife On Their Betrothal
- Southern Burgundy, 994.
- Council Legislation on Marriage.
- Tables of Kindred and Degrees - both Roman and German
methods of calculation.
- Peasant Servitude and Obligations: Rulings by Louis VI and Louis VII of France (12th Century), trans. Richard Barton.
- Disputing and Dispute Resolution in Monastic Charters from the Vendômois, c. 1040-1118, trans. Richard Barton.
14 documents from the Cartulaire de la Trinité de Vendôme with reference to monastic life, rural life, dispute resolution, duels.
- The Law of Brusthem, 1175, on a mixed marriage
between a slave and a freewoman.
- Gratian: On Marriage.
- Innocent III (r.1198-1216): Letters on
Marriage, and Women, 1203-1204
- Manorial Marriage and Sexual Offense Cases.
- Pope Urban IV (1261–1264) or Pope Clement IV (1265–1268): De Sinu patris and Audi filia et 1260s [Wikisource]
Letters urging an unnamed nobleman to return to his wife, possibly in reference to the Cypriot queen Plaisance of Antioch and her lover John of Jaffa.
- Church Courts Pursue Adulterers, 1289
- Robert of Flamborough: Summa Confessorum: on Luxuria..
- Married Lives
The Internet Medieval Sourcebook is part of the Internet History Sourcebooks Project. The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the History Department of Fordham University, New York. The Internet
Medieval Sourcebook, and other medieval components of the project, are located at
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© Site Concept and Design: Paul Halsall created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 6 October 2023
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